О новой цензуре
Feb. 2nd, 2007 03:57 pm![[personal profile]](https://www.dreamwidth.org/img/silk/identity/user.png){kind=small}
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skeptiq дал линк на статью Дэйли Телеграф о новой германской инициативе по законодательному запрету сомнений - http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2007/02/02/weu02.xmlЧестно сказать, не поверил. Газетчики - они ведь везде газетчики, в Англии тоже еще те мастера путать и перевирать.
Ан нет, все взаправду. Сами немцы в своем пресс-релизе так все прямо и пишут:
29.01.2007
Outlawing Racism and Xenophobia Throughout Europe
In view of Germany’s particular historic responsibility, the German EU Presidency has committed itself to returning the combating of racism and xenophobia throughout Europe to the political agenda. It will revive the negotiations on the Framework Decision to combat racism and xenophobia, which have been frozen since 2005. Under the Luxembourg Presidency, the Framework Decision was on the verge of a compromise. The goal is to attain minimum harmonisation of provisions on criminal liability for disseminating racist and xenophobic statements. These include, for example, public incitement to violence and hatred or the denial or gross minimisation of genocide out of racist or xenophobic motives. However, the Framework Decision will not seek to prohibit specific symbols such as swastikas.
1. Substantive content
Criminal liability will be imposed upon the following:
* Racist or xenophobic agitation
Public incitement to hatred and violence for reasons of racism or xenophobia will be criminalised. This applies in all cases for conduct that constitutes threats, insults or defamatory statements, and for conduct that is apt to disturb the public peace. The dissemination of writings with such content will be prohibited as well. The maximum penalty for such conduct will be at least one to three years in prison.
* Public approval, denial or gross minimisation of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes
Public approval, denial or gross minimisation of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes within the meaning or Articles 6, 7 and 8 of the Statute of the International Criminal Court (“Rome Statute”) and pursuant to Article 6 of the International Military Tribunal of 1945 (Nuremberg Tribunal) against a group of persons or a member of such a group, defined according to the criteria of race, colour, religion, descent, or national or ethnic origin, will be criminalised.
Here as well, the maximum penalty will be at least one to three years in prison.
The Framework Decision does not identify specific cases of genocide, crimes against humanity or war crimes; rather, it refers to the Statute of the International Criminal Court and the International Military Tribunal of 1945, and thus creates abstract offences. Whether a concrete historic crime falls within these definitions would be decided by a court in each concrete and specific case. This occurred, for example, with regard to the Holocaust. Pursuant to the Draft, Member States have the possibility of making criminal liability dependent upon the determination by a national or international court that a concrete historic event constituted genocide, a crime against humanity, or a war crime.
* Racist and xenophobic motives are to be considered aggravating factors in other criminal offences
The Framework Decision also provides that racist or xenophobic motives may be considered an aggravating factor in other criminal offences (e.g., bodily injury), or that such motives may be taken into consideration by the courts in fixing the penalty.
* No criminal complaint necessary
Pursuant to the Framework Decision, criminal prosecution authorities must ex officio initiate an investigation into the offences listed in the Framework Decision. The injured party need not file a criminal complaint.
* Fundamental and human rights
The Framework Decision will include an express reference to the fundamental and human rights anchored in Europe and, in this context, will expressly call for respecting the right to freedom of expression. It will guarantee the Member States the necessary leeway for maintaining their established constitutional traditions.
http://www.eu2007.de/en/News/Press_Releases/January/0129BMJantiracism.html
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no subject
Date: 2007-02-02 09:20 pm (UTC)Это ты для красного словца или взаправду?
no subject
Date: 2007-02-02 09:27 pm (UTC)no subject
Date: 2007-02-02 09:38 pm (UTC)no subject
Date: 2007-02-02 09:50 pm (UTC)Should have said - "particular historic traditions".
no subject
Date: 2007-02-02 09:58 pm (UTC)no subject
Date: 2007-02-02 10:34 pm (UTC)Там еще непотятнее другое - похоже, принятие судом одной страны (как минимум страны Евросоюза) решения о признании некоего действия или события геноцидом или военным преступлением автоматически запретит его обсуждение во всех других странах Евросоюза. Тем самым открываются большие просторы для переписывания истории и принудительного навязывания своих местных версий истории - соседям по континенту.
no subject
Date: 2007-02-02 10:05 pm (UTC)no subject
Date: 2007-02-02 10:07 pm (UTC)no subject
Date: 2007-02-02 10:40 pm (UTC)Здесь ничего не отрицается, только высказывается сомнение, да и то в косвенной форме. Человека именно за эти конкретно слова судили и осудили, правда процесс длился с большими перерывами три года (а преподавать запретили почти сразу - это решение администрации университета).
no subject
Date: 2007-02-02 10:17 pm (UTC)no subject
Date: 2007-02-02 10:24 pm (UTC)no subject
Date: 2007-02-02 10:30 pm (UTC)Ведь очень несложно написать примерно так: "Я не отрицаю событие X, я просто подвергаю его сомнению; в частности, вот эти рассуждения, на мой взгляд, полностью разрушают традиционную аргументацию, используемую автором А; вот эти рассуждения - разрушают аргументацию, используемую автором Б, а заодно и школьным учебником; вот здесь я привел список аргументов в пользу гипотезы о том, что событие X имело место - как вы видите, они исчерпываются аргументами авторов А и Б. Выводы делайте сами, дорогие читатели, и запомните - я не отрицаю событие Х, а всего лишь рассматриваю аргументы тех, кто о нем рассказывает..."
Чем больше будет "запретов на отрицание", тем более убедительным будет казаться такая риторика. Запретное рассуждение всегда кажется более убедительным.
no subject
Date: 2007-02-02 11:00 pm (UTC)no subject
Date: 2007-02-02 11:01 pm (UTC)no subject
Date: 2007-02-03 02:07 am (UTC)no subject
Date: 2007-02-03 10:21 am (UTC)no subject
Date: 2007-02-03 02:03 pm (UTC)no subject
Date: 2007-02-03 06:27 pm (UTC)